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Computing on Bitcoin #67
November 28, 2025 - Week 48

Welcome to the latest edition of Computing on Bitcoin News, your curated update on emerging ideas and real-world innovation happening at the edges of Bitcoin infrastructure.
Every week, we highlight the ongoing work that’s turning Bitcoin into a fully programmable platform.

Let’s dive in.

01
New Fairgate Videos Explore Bitcoin L2s and Protocol Design

Fairgate published several new videos from their latest events that took place early November, including an industry panel with Liam Eagen, Super Testnet, and Sergio Lerner discussing the trajectory of Bitcoin Layer 2 development. Additional sessions feature Sergio Lerner and Ariel Futoransky outlining how BitVMX, garbled circuits, FLEX, and BATTLE contribute to Fairgate’s expanding ecosystem of Bitcoin computation protocols.

The Future of Bitcoin L2s: Industry Panel with Liam Eagen, Super Testnet & Sergio Lerner

youtube.com/@Fairgate_Labs
In this expert panel, Liam Eagen, Super Testnet, and Sergio Lerner share their perspectives on the current state and future direction of Bitcoin Layer 2 solutions.

Moderated by Isabel Foxen Duke, the conversation dives into innovation trends, design trade-offs, and the next generation of projects shaping Bitcoin’s scaling ecosystem.

BitVMX, Garbled Circuits & the Future of Bitcoin Computing: Sergio Lerner (Fairgate CTO)

youtube.com/@Fairgate_Labs
In this session, Sergio Lerner shares key insights into Fairgate’s expanding ecosystem of Bitcoin protocols.
He explains how BitVMX and Garbled Circuits advance off chain computation, minimizing online verification, improving scalability and programmability for Bitcoin.
A forward-looking talk on the technologies shaping Fairgate’s mission and Bitcoin’s computational future.

Flex and Battle Protocols - Ariel Futoransky 'Futo' & Sergio Lerner

youtube.com/@Fairgate_Labs
Futo and Sergio (Fairgate's CSO & CTO) expand on two of Fairgate's protocols, FLEX and BATTLE, explaining their main features.

Off-Chain Computing with Garbled Circuits: Ariel Futoransky 'Futo' (Fairgate CSO)

youtube.com/@Fairgate_Labs
Futo outlines how BitVMX and Garbled Circuits push forward off-chain verification, enhance scalability, and open new pathways for programmability on Bitcoin.
A forward-looking presentation exploring the technologies driving Fairgate’s vision and the next era of Bitcoin-native computation.

02
BOB Launches Hybrid Chain Guide for Bitcoin DeFi Builders

BOB released a comprehensive quick-start guide outlining its Hybrid Chain architecture, which combines ZK proofs, BTC staking, and BitVM-powered native BTC bridging to support Bitcoin DeFi.

gobob.xyz/blog
🔗 Welcome to BOB

BOB is building the Gateway to Bitcoin DeFi, unlocking real utility for the world’s most important asset. By fusing Bitcoin’s unmatched security with Ethereum’s versatility, BOB creates the premier destination for Bitcoin liquidity, applications, and institutions - the easiest and safest way to earn with your Bitcoin.

03
Fairgate Recaps Devconnect Buenos Aires Session on BitVMX

Fairgate published a recap of its Devconnect Buenos Aires event, featuring its CTO, Sergio Lerner, presenting updates on BitVMX, Garbled Circuits, and upcoming Covenants research.

fairgate.io/blog
🔗 Fairgate in Buenos Aires Pt 2: Discussing the Future of Bitcoin Scalability

With a total of 63 contributions, Citrea’s trusted ceremony drew an industry-wide participation, including contributors from RiscZero, Nethermind, StarkWare, Luxor Mining, Shielded Labs, Boundless, Babylon, Avail, Aztec, Celestia, Nansen, and other leading projects.

04
David Seroy on BitVM1 → Glock: The Future of Verification

Alpen released a new talk in which David Seroy outlines the progression from BitVM1 through BitVM3 to Glock and how each approach strengthens Bitcoin’s ability to verify off-chain state. The presentation focuses on optimistic ZK verification, garbled circuits, and the role of verifiers in enabling secure Bitcoin-based financial systems.

Going from BitVM to Glock: Bitcoin's evolution in verifying things

youtube.com/@Fairgate_Labs
David Seroy explains the evolution of verifiers on Bitcoin from BitVM1 to Glock. Verifiers are at the core of building secure Bitcoin-based financial systems because they allow us to reason about the state of offchain systems on Bitcoin.

05
Fake Pubkeys, Real Lessons: Historical Analysis from Counterparty

Aaron Recompile published an analysis of Counterparty’s “fake-pubkey grinding,” using it as a historical case. The piece highlights how early data-embedding techniques exposed the boundary between what Bitcoin permits at consensus and what the network chooses to relay, framing a debate still relevant for today’s L2 and BitVM discussions.

medium.com/@aaron.recompile
🔗 Why Counterparty’s Fake-Pubkey Grinding Reveals the Real Boundary Between Bitcoin Consensus and Policy

Bitcoin is not a state machine.
It is a verifiable sequence of events.
'Event Machine Letters - Protocol Thoughts on Bitcoin's Architecture' begins here.
· Consensus guarantees possibility.
· Policy guarantees sanity.
Most debates around Bitcoin protocol behavior (including recent ones) come from mixing these two layers together. Counterparty provides a perfect historical case study for why this distinction matters.

06
Fairgate Joins Arbitrum Stylus Ecosystem at WakeUp Labs Event

A recent Arbitrum Stylus Awakening event hosted by WakeUp Labs brought together contributors from Offchain Labs, Superposition, Fairblock, WakeUp Labs, FairGateLabs, and others to discuss new opportunities for builders in the Stylus ecosystem.

Thanks for reading this edition of Computing on Bitcoin News.
We hope it helps you stay connected to the conversations that are shaping Bitcoin’s role.
See you next Friday with more updates from across the ecosystem.

—The Fairgate Team

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